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TypeScript & Node.js · Developer Error Resolution Lab

Fix Webpack 'Module parse failed: Unexpected token. You may need an appropriate loader'

Configure appropriate loaders for TypeScript, JSX, CSS modules, or modern JavaScript syntax.

Triggered Error Message:

Module parse failed: Unexpected token (10:2). You may need an appropriate loader to handle this file type...

Customize Solution for Your Environment
// webpack.config.js rule configuration:
module.exports = {
  module: {
    rules: [
      {
        test: /\.tsx$/,
        exclude: /node_modules/,
        use: {
          loader: "babel-loader",
          options: {
            presets: ["@babel/preset-env", "@babel/preset-react", "@babel/preset-typescript"]
          }
        }
      }
    ]
  }
};

Root Cause & Mechanism Analysis

Why does this error occur?

Webpack encountered modern syntax (TS, JSX, optional chaining `?.`, nullish coalescing `??`) without the corresponding Babel / SWC loader configured in `webpack.config.js`.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why use SWC over Babel for Webpack?
SWC is written in Rust and operates 20-50x faster than Babel.
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